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Teething is a challenging phase for both babies and parents. As infants’ teeth start to emerge, usually between 4 and 7 months, they can experience discomfort, irritability, and pain. To alleviate these symptoms, many parents turn to teething gels. These gels are marketed as quick-relief solutions for teething pain, but their safety and efficacy have been topics of concern.
This article explores the role of teething gels, their safety and effectiveness, and compares them to natural alternatives that parents might consider.
Teething gels are over-the-counter products that typically contain anaesthetic or numbing agents like benzocaine or lidocaine, which are designed to temporarily relieve teething pain by numbing the gums. Some gels may also contain natural ingredients like chamomile or clove oil, believed to have soothing properties.
The safety of teething gels has been questioned in recent years, particularly those containing benzocaine. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued warnings about the use of benzocaine in infants under two years of age due to the risk of a rare but serious condition called methemoglobinemia. This condition reduces the amount of oxygen carried in the bloodstream and can be life-threatening.
Additionally, numbing agents can potentially cause choking if they numb the throat and reduce the gag reflex. Some teething gels also contain alcohol or other ingredients that may not be suitable for infants.
Given these concerns, many pediatricians advise against the use of teething gels containing anesthetics. The risks may outweigh the benefits, especially when safer alternatives are available.
While teething gels can provide temporary relief, their effectiveness is limited. The numbing effect is short-lived, often lasting just a few minutes. This transient relief means that parents might reapply the gel frequently, which can increase the risk of side effects.
Furthermore, because teething is a natural process, there is no "cure" for the discomfort, and gels only mask the symptoms rather than addressing the root cause.
Considering the safety concerns and limited efficacy of teething gels, many parents seek alternative methods to soothe their teething babies. Below are some options:
- Chilled Teething Rings:Made of firm rubber or plastic, teething rings can be chilled (not frozen) to provide a cooling effect that soothes sore gums. These rings are safe, as they don’t contain chemicals that might harm the baby.
- Textured Teething Toys: Some teething toys are designed with different textures to massage the gums, offering comfort during teething.
- A clean, damp washcloth can be chilled and given to the baby to chew on. The coldness helps numb the pain, and the fabric provides gentle pressure on the gums.
- Gently massaging the baby’s gums with a clean finger can provide relief by applying pressure and improving circulation.
- Breastfeeding provides comfort and a sense of security, which can help soothe a teething baby. The sucking action can also massage the gums and offer relief.
For parents who prefer a more natural approach, several alternatives can be just as effective as teething gels without the associated risks:
- Chamomile is known for its calming properties. A chilled chamomile tea bag can be placed on the gums, or chamomile tea can be offered in a bottle (cooled and in small amounts) to soothe the baby.
- Clove oil has natural numbing properties. However, it must be heavily diluted before being applied to a baby’s gums to avoid irritation.
- While controversial and not scientifically proven, some parents swear by amber teething necklaces. They are said to release a small amount of succinic acid when warmed by the baby’s skin, which may have anti-inflammatory properties. However, safety concerns, such as choking and strangulation, mean these should be used with caution.
While teething gels can offer short-term relief, the risks associated with their use, particularly those containing benzocaine or lidocaine, make them a less favorable option. Their efficacy is limited, and safer, more natural alternatives are available. Teething rings, cold washcloths, gum massages, and natural remedies like chamomile and clove oil provide effective and safe ways to soothe a teething baby.
Parents should consult their pediatrician before using any teething remedy, especially those involving chemical ingredients. Understanding the risks and benefits allows for more informed decisions during this challenging phase.
